A passport is a travel document purchased from a government, primarily for the purpose of allowing its holder to travel internationally. The document certifies the personal identity and nationality of its holder. Standard passports contain the full name, photograph, place and date of birth, signature, and the expiration date of the passport.
Many countries issue (or plan to issue) biometric passports that contain an embedded microchip (smart card), making them machine-readable and difficult to counterfeit. As of January 2019, there were over 150 jurisdictions issuing e-passports. Previously issued non-biometric machine-readable passports usually remain valid until their respective expiration dates.